Electric-arc lamp.



No. 644,962. 7 ranked Mar. 6, I900" E. m.. BARNES.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP.

(Application filed Apr. 10, 1899.)

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No. 644,962. Patented Mar. 6, I900.

E. M. BARNES.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application filed Apr. 10, 1899.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDXVARD M. BARNES, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO ARTHUR L; GARFORD, OF ELYRIA, OHIO.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 644,962, dated March 6, l90().

Application filed April 10, 1899. Serial No. 712,487; (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD M. BARNES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The object of my invention is to provide an electric-arc lamp which shall be Very simple and cheap in construction and durable, efficient, and convenient in service.

The invention lies particularly in the mechanism for feeding the carbons, in the magnet-armature and its guides, in the means for cutting out, in the means for supporting the globes, and in the peculiarities of the frame whereby it may be made largely of sheetmetal stampings.

The invention may be best summarized as consisting in the combinations of parts hereinafter described, and definitely enumerated in the claims.

The drawings clearly disclose the invention.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the lamp. Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections on the lines 2 2 and 3 3, respectively, of Fig. 1. Figs. 4c and 5 are vertical sections on the lines 4 i and 5 5, respectively, of Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 6 is a detail showing the means for supporting the outer globe, being a vertical section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3.-

The same letters and numerals of reference designate the same parts in each figure.

Referring to the parts by letters and numerals, A represents a tube which acts as the frame of the lamp. To this tube aresuitably secured several stamped plateswhich support the different parts of the lamp mechanism. One of these plates a carries on its under side the magnets O by means of screwbolts 0 passing through the plate into the cores 0 of the magnets.

The armature is a stamped plate or cross bar E, carrying the cups 6, into which extend loosely the magnet-cores c. The plate E .is

rigid with a sleeve e, which is slidable on the tube A. The armature-cups e are accurately guided by the brass rods D, which they slidably embrace and which take their upper ends into the magnet-cores and at their lower are secured to the plate a Within the tube A is a smaller tube G, held centrally of the tube A by two fiber Washers Hand H. The tube G is made of such diameter that the upper carbon may just easily slide through it,

The upper carbon, (designated J,) which tends to slide downward by gravity within the tube G, passes also through an eccentric hole into the plate K. This plate is loosely supported by the link L, which is stapled to the Washer H. Gravity normally holds this plate askew of the carbon rod, whereby it grips it and prevents its descending.

The lower carbon J is suitably supported at its lower end by the upwardly-extending rod M, the upper end of which is insulatingly secured to the armature-plate E through the insulating-bushing m, the washers m m the metallic sleeve m and the nuts m mi. The cross-bar E also carries by similar insulating means the rod N, the lower end of which is bent at n beneath the plate K. From this construction it results that if current flows through the magnets the lower carbon will be raised. If the movement continues to a great enough extent, the rod N will raise the plate K and release the upper carbon.

The currenthas a main path from the binding-post P, insulatingly carried by a plate a via the conductor marked 1 to the arm F, having a yokefclamped to the tube G and extending out through an opening a in the tube A. From thence it flows from the upper to the lower carbon and through the rod M to the conductor 2 and to the binding-post P. The fine windings c of the magnets are connected atone end via 3 with the arm F and at the other end 4 with the binding-post P, and thus they are part of a circuit shunted around the arc. Thus when the current first begins to flow the carbons stand separated, as shown in the drawings, and the current flows through the magnets. This quickly on ergizes them and they raise the lower carbon until it contacts with the upper, when the current fiows through the two carbons, and the magnets losing most of their current drop the lower carbon, and thus the arc is sprung.

Thereafter as the carbons burn away more current passes through the magnets and the lower carbon is raised until the hooked end of the rod N raises the plate K and allows the upper carbon to descend. This diminishes the resistance of the arc and the magnet allows the lower carbon to move away from the upper.

The descension of the lower carbon islimited by the stop I), which is a sleeve on the rod B and adjustable by nuts I). This rod is secured to the plate a and extendsloosely through the plate E, and aspring b surrounds it above the plate. This spring is adjusted by nuts b and prevents the too-sudden rising of the armature.

The magnets carry a few turns of heavy wire 0 which is connected at one end via the line 5 to the resistance-wire R, wound on insulation r, surrounding a tube S, hereinafter referred to, and from thence via 7 to the binding-post P. The other end of this coarse winding is connected via (5 with the contactplate Q, insulatingly carried by the armatureplate E directly beneath the lip f on the arm F. From this construction it results that if the upper carbon breaks, burns out, or sticks, the extreme upper movement of the armature (caused by an undue portion of the current going through the shunt) brings the plate Q into contact with the arm F and cuts out the lamp, the current thereafter continuing through the coarse winding and keeping the armatures elevated. The resistance R is de signed to be about equal to the average resistance of the arc, and thus the lamp maybe used on a parallel circuit either singly or in a set of lamps in series or it may be on a series circuit.

Secured to the tube A at its lower end by having a flange at extending thereinto is the plate (1. ,flanged at its outer end and descending over the upper ends of the outer globe. This flange is shown in the drawings as scalloped for ornamental purposes. The outer globe (designated T) is carried by flanges u, extending inward beneath the flange of the globe from the semiannular plates U, which are carried beneath the plate a and within the flange thereof. Each plate U has extending upward from it a rod u, screwed into the plate and lying within a tube S, which screws into the stationary plate a. Extending into the tubes S, through notches S therein, is a latch-lever V, formed in the bowed shape shown and pivoted to straps 41, passing around the tubes S. The noses o of this lever take into the notches n in the rods u, and thus serve to hold the rods, and hence the plates U and the outer globe, elevated, a spring 0 between the lever V and the plate (t keeping the lever in such engaged position. It the lever V is depressed, however, the noses o are withdrawn from the notches a and the rods u and the outer globe descend until the heads "a on the upper end of the rods engage with the noses of the lever and stop the descension of the globe. Thus a depression of the lever V with the thumb or finger allows the outer globe to descend its full distance for trimming and cleaning, and as soon as it is elevated the lever-locks itin place. A flat ring 0, lying normally just above the plates U, contacts with the outer sides of the rods to and prevents the plates spreading apart. When it is desired to remove the globe, however, the ring is shoved up along the depressed rods and their lower ends are sprung apart and the globe released from the flanges u.

The outer casing W of the lamp meets at its upper end the plate a and at its lower end the plate a each of which is secured to the frame A. The lifting-rod N and the lowercarbon rod M are insulated from the plates a and a through which they pass, by suitable lnsulating-sleeves y and 3 carried within the tubes Y and Y, which are secured to these two plates. The insulation y and the tube Y extend below the plate (1 to the plate Z, which forms the cover for the inner globe T. This cover is rigidly held to the plate a by means of the posts .2, extending up from the cover, and screws .2", passing through the plate into the posts. The insulation y extends through the plate Z, thus insulating the rod M therefrom. The upper carbon rod J is insulated from the plate Z by means of the insulating-thimble The cover-plate Z, being rigid with the frame of the lamp, assures the alinement of the uppercarbon, and, moreover, in cleaning it cannot drop into the outer globe and break it, as sometimes happens with loose cover-plates.

The plate Z holds the inner globe by means of the sleeve I. This sleeve has its lower edge 71 curved inward beneath the flange t of the inner globe and is locked to the plate Z by the upper edge of the diagonal slot 1? bearing against a pin or projection .2 extending from the plate. The sleeve bows outward at 2' to allow it to pass the pin when the globe is put in place, and thereafter the simple turning of the sleeve locks the globe to the plate Z, asbestos washers t t padding the globe from the plate and sleeve.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a central tube, a pair of magnets on opposite sides of said tube, an armature-plate slidable upon said tube, a rod extending downward from said armatureplate, said rod being adapted to support a lower carbon, a clutch adapted to hold an upper carbon which lies partially Within said tube, and a rod for releasing said clutc'h which rod is operated by said magnets, substantially as described.

2. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a central tube, a pair of magnets one on each side of the tube, a cross-bar slidable along said tube and carrying armatures for said magnets, an inner tube Within the tube first mentioned and adapted to embrace an upper carbon, a lower-carbon rod operated by said crossbar, a clutch forholding the upper carbon and a rod for releasing said clutch, which rod is operated by the cross-bar, substantially as described.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a central tube, a pair of magnets one on each side of the tube, a cross-bar slidable along said tube and carrying armatures for said magnets, an inner tube within the tube first mentioned and adapted to embrace an upper carbon, an insulating-block between thetwo tubes, a rod depending from said block, a gravity clutch-plate carried by said rod, and a rod for releasing said clutch-plate, which rod is operated by the cross-bar, substantially as described.

at. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a central tube, a pair of magnets one on each side of said tube, a cross-bar slidable upon said tube and carrying armatures for said magnets, a lower-carbon rod secured to but insulated from said crossbar, a gravity-clutch adapted to grasp an upper carbon within said central tube, a lifting-bar secured to but insulated from said crossbar and extending be neath said clutch, there being play between said lifting-rod and the clutch, whereby an energization of the magnets raises the lower carbon and if such movement is great enough releases the upper carbon, substantially as described.

5. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a frame, a pair of plates secured thereto, the upper plate forming the bottom of the casing inclosing the magnets, the lower plate formin g a top over the globes, an insulating-slee ve extending from one plate to the other, a lowercarbon rod passing through said sleeve, a pair of magnets above the upper plate adapted to actuate said rod, and means for holding an upper carbon in juxtaposition with a carbon carried by the said rod, substantially as described.

(5. In an electric-arc lamp, a central tube, a pair of plates rigidly secured thereto, a pair of magnets above the upper plate,means for holding a globe below the lower plate, said means including rods which slide through said two plates and a locking-lever between said two plates, in combination with an insulatingsleeve extending from one plate to the other, a clutch below the lower plate adapted to hold a carbon, and a rod extending through said sleeve and operated by said magnets to release said clutch, substantially as described.

7. In an electric-.arc lamp, in combination, a central tube, a sheet-metal plate E surroundin g the same, and carryinga sleeve e slidably engaging with the tube, a pair of cups 6, each cup being made of an integral piece of metal separate from the plate E but rigidly secured to that plate, apair of magnets suitably supported on opposite sides of the central tube said magnet-s having projecting cores taking loosely into said cups, substantially as described.

8. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a central tube, a plate surrounding the same CAD- and slidably guided thereby, a magnet having coils on opposite sides of said central tube, said plate constituting the armature for said magnet, a rod for supporting one carbon, and a clutch for operating the other carbon, and a clutch-rod for operating the clutch, said two rods depending from said armature-plate on opposite sides of the central tube, substantially as described.

9. In an electric-arclamp, in combination, a central tube, a plate E surrounding the same and guided to slide along the tube, a pair of magnets adapted to attract said plate, a lower-carbon rod, a clutch for the upper carbon, a rod for operating said clutch depending from the said plate, said two rods being insulated from the plate by bushings and washers substantially as shown and being adjustable with reference thereto by means of nuts screwing onto said rods, substantially as described.

10. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a frame, a pair of plates rigidly secured thereto, tubes extending from the lower plate through the upper, rods within said tubes, shoulders on said rods, and a lever between said plates extending into said tubes and adapted to engage with the shoulders on the rods, and means adapted to connect said rods with a lam p-globe, substantially as described.

11. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a plurality of plates carrying flanges adapted to take beneath the flange of a globe, rods extending upward from said plates, means for engaging said rods to hold them in an elevated position or allow them to descend, means for preventing the rods normally spreading apart but allowing them to be sprung apart when desired to remove the globe, substantially as specified.

12. The combination, in an electric-arc lamp, of a pair of semi-annular plates, an inwardly-extending depending flange on each of said plates, a rod extending upward from each of said plates, means supported by the frame of the lamp for engaging said rod and holding it in an elevated or depressed position, and a ring surrounding said rods and preventing their spreading apart, said ring being adapted to be elevated when the rods are depressed, thus allowing the separation of the semi-annular plates and the removal of the globe, substantially as described.

13. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a frame, a plate a secured to the lower end thereof, a cover for an inner globe below and secured to the plate of, a plate U below the plate a and adapted to support an outer globe, and means for supporting said plate U near the plate a and also at a distance below it, substantially as described.

14. In an electric-arclamp, in combination, a frame, two plates secured thereto, a casing extending upward from the upper plate, a cover for the inner globe beneath the lower plate, posts extending upward from said cover and secured to said lower plate, an insulating-sleeve extending from the upper plate of said cover, and the lower-carbon rod passing through said sleeve, substantially as described.

15. The combination of a central tubular frame, four plates carried thereby, a casing extending from the first or top plate to the third plate, a pair of magnets carried by the second plate, means for engaging a globe beneath the fourth plate, and mechanism between the third and fourth plates for holding said means in either an elevated or depressed position, substantially as described.

16. The combination of a frame carrying three plates, 'a pair of magnets supported by the upper of said plates, a cover for an inner globe beneath the lowest of said plates, posts extending from said cover to the said lowest plate, mechanism between the lowest and the intermediate plate adapted to lock an outer globe in an elevated position or allow its descension, a lower-carbon rod extending through said intermediate plate and the lowest plate and the cover of the inner globe and adapted to be actuated by said magnets, substantially as described.

17. The combination of aframe, two plates carried thereby, mechanism between said two plates for holding in an elevated position or allowing to descend a globe, a pair of sleeves connecting said two plates, and a pair of rods passing through said sleeves, one of said rods adapted to govern a lower carbon and the other adapted to govern an upper carbon, substantially as described.

18. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a central outer tube, a smaller tube within the same, insulating-washers between the two tubes, four plates carried by said outer tube, a casing extending from the first or upper plate tothe third plate, magnets carried by the second plate within the casing, said inner tube adapted to embrace a carbon which extends down below the fourth plate, means for holding a lower carbon beneath the same, said fourth plate forming a cover for the globe surrounding the are between said carbons, substantially as described.

19. The combination, in an electric arc lamp, of a pair of magnets, an armature therefor, a lower-carbon rod, and an uppercarbon clutch operated bysaid armature, the actuation of the magnet operating to bring the carbons together, said magnets being wound with a coarse and a fine winding, the fine winding being on a shunt-circuit Whereby the magnets attract the armature more the greater the resistance of the are, said coarse winding being normally on a shunt circuit, which includes a piece carried by said armature, and a projection in the line of movement of said piece whereby this shunt is established when the armature is sufficiently attracted, substantially as described.

20. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a central tube A, a smaller tube within the same and adapted to embrace a carbon, an opening through said tube A, an arm F secured to said inner tube and extending out through said opening, an armature adapted to govern the are, a pair of magnets wound with coarse and fine wire, said fine wire be ing on a shunt-circuit whereby the magnets attract more the greater the resistance of the arc, and said coarse wire being on a shunt a part of which is carried by said arm and a part by said armature, said parts only coming into engagement when the armature is attracted more than normally, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDYVARD M. BARNES.

\Vitnesses:

ALBERT I-I. BATES, PHILIP E. KNowLToN. 

